The archaeological site of Palmyra was a trading link between the Roman empire and India and Pakistan. The site is located between Damascus and the Euphrates rivers, and was first occupied during paleolithic times, but is probably best known for its Roman occupation in the first century AD; and it was the site of the revolt of Queen Zenobia, between AD 268-270. Palmyra was at an oasis, and between the first century BC and 3rd century AD, it was a stopping point for caravans on the shortest route of the Silk Road between Mesopotamia and the Mediterranean.
Palmyra became of true importance only after Roman control was established (c.AD.30). Local tribes vied for control, which fell to the Septimii by the 3rd century AD. Odenathus, Septimius built Palmyra into a strong autonomous state that practically embraced the Eastern Empire, including Syria, NW Mesopotamia, and West Armenia. After his death his widow, Zenobia Queen of Palmyra briefly expanded the territory, but her ambition brought on an attack by Aurelian, who was victorious and partly destroyed the city. In decline, Palmyra was taken by the Arabs and sacked by Tamur. It fell into ruins, and even the ruins were forgotten until the 17th century. The great temple dedicated to Baal and other remains show the ancient splendor of Palmyra at its prime.
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